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ent with normal distribution, and Spearman rank correlations have been used for illness incidence and FOC (R software Version 3.2.two).Outcomes Identification of B. amyloliquefaciens BThe bacterial strain B2, an antagonist against FOC (Figure two), was obtained from the rhizosphere soil with the cucumber. Physiological and biochemical traits are shown in Table 1. From these final results, strain B2 was affiliated for the genus Bacillus. To further determine strain B2, 16S rDNA and gyrB genes have been analyzed by sequencing. The 16S rDNA sequence on the strain B2 (GenBank accession quantity: MW308308) shared 99.8 identity with the 16S rDNA sequences of B. amyloliquefaciens (NR117946.1). The phylogenetic evaluation of 16S rDNA sequences clearly showed that the strain B2 and B. amyloliquefaciens have been clustered together (Figure 3A). Also, its gyrB gene sequence (GenBank accession quantity: MW316056) shared 99.eight identity together with the gyrB gene sequences of B. amyloliquefaciens (KC439665.1). The phylogenetic analysis of gyrB gene sequences showed that the strain B2 and B. amyloliquefaciens had been clustered with each other (Figure 3B). Hence, depending on physiological and biochemical testing, and 16S rDNA and gyrB gene sequences analyses, strain B2 was identified as B. amyloliquefaciens.Plant-Beneficial Traits of B. amyloliquefaciens BStrain B2 was tested for the presence of a number of plantbeneficial traits. The results in the characterization analysisFIGURE four | Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) showing the surface colonization of cucumber root by strain B2 at 1,500 (A) and 3,000 (B) and strain B2 cells (C). White arrow, bacteria; BF, biofilm.TABLE 2 | Useful traits of B. amyloliquefaciens B2. Item IAA production ( /ml) Siderophore Phosphate solubilization N2 -fixation Biofilm formation (OD590) Final results 42.7 0.51 + + 1.73 0.”+” Represents a good reaction; ” represents a adverse reaction.showed that strain B2 had the ability to secret IAA (Table 2). Additionally, strain B2 was discovered to be constructive for phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, and biofilm formation (Table 2). The root surfaces of cucumber seedlings that had been inoculated with strain B2 have been examined working with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Figure 4). Bacterial cells had been easily visible on the root surface and strongly adhered towards the root surface since the sample preparation for SEM analysis needs various treatment options and exhaustive CB1 Antagonist web washes. High-resolution images also showed bacteria-forming biofilm structures on the root surfaces (Figure four).Frontiers in Microbiology | frontiersin.orgAugust 2021 | Volume 12 | ArticleWang et al.Co-application of Bacteria and FungusFIGURE 5 | Detection on the optimum concentration of mixture of phenolic acids for P. ostreatus P5 degradation. Data are presented because the implies of 3 independent replicates with common deviation bars. Information in columns marked by distinctive letters are drastically different (p 0.05). “” Indicates a substantial distinction in the other points (p 0.05).FIGURE six | Degradation efficiency of mixture of phenolic acids by P. ostreatus P5. HA, p-hydroxybenzoic acid; VA, vanillic acid; FA, ferulic acid; CA, p-coumaric acid; BA, benzoic acid.Phenolic Acid Degradation by P. ostreatus P5 in the Liquid MediumThe HSP90 Activator custom synthesis ratios of mixture phenolic acid degradation and fungal biomass in diverse concentration cultures right after 96 h of cultivation are shown in Figure five. When the initial concentration was 400 mg L-1 or lower, one hundred with the mixture of ph