toshi Kitamura, Katsuhiro Yamano, Tomihisa Yokoyama, Hidekuni Takahagi, Takashi Fujita, Mitsunori Nishida, Hiroshi Nishida and Hiroyoshi Horikoshi for valuable discussions. Conflicts of Interest: Y.N. is employed by Fuji Chemical Industries, Co., Ltd. K.H. is employed by AstaReal Inc. All other authors declare that there is no duality of interest associated with this manuscript.Nutrients 2022, 14,30 of
pubs.acs.org/acsapmArticleBicomponent Cellulose Fibrils and Minerals Afford Wicking Channels Stencil-Printed on Paper for Rapid and Reliable Fluidic PlatformsKatariina Solin, Maryam Borghei, Monireh Imani, Tero K nen, Kaisa Kiri, Tapio M el Alexey Khakalo, Hannes Orelma, Patrick A. C. Gane, and Orlando J. RojasCite This: ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2021, three, 5536-5546 Study Onlinesi Supporting InformationACCESSMetrics MoreArticle RecommendationsABSTRACT: Versatile and easy-to-use microfluidic systems are suitable options for point-of-care diagnostics. Here, we investigate liquid transport in fluidic channels created by stencil printing on flexible substrates as a reproducible and scalable option for diagnostics and paper-based sensing. Optimal printability and flow profiles had been obtained by combining minerals with cellulose fibrils of two various characteristic dimensions, inside the nano- and microscales, forming channels with ideal wettability. Biomolecular ligands have been quickly added by inkjet printing on the channels, which had been tested for the simultaneous detection of glucose and proteins. Correct determination of clinically relevant concentrations was feasible from linear calibration, confirming the possible of the introduced paper-based diagnostics. The outcomes indicate the guarantee of straightforward but trusted fluidic channels for drug and chemical analyses, chromatographic separation, and high quality control. Keywords and phrases: fluidic channel, stencil printing, liquid wicking materials, paper-based microfluidics, multisensing assayINTRODUCTION Low-cost and portable microfluidic technologies that need minimum CB1 Agonist medchemexpress sample preparation are very desirable for point-ofcare (POC) diagnostics, environmental and food excellent control, and lab-on-chip analytical devices.1,2 Offered their low price, lightweight, and accessibility, paper-based microfluidic systems happen to be proposed.3-6 The latter has been used in litmus testing, chromatography, and lateral flow devices such as these utilised for pregnancy tests.7,8 Microfluidic devices are typically primarily based on nitrocellulose membranes. The reputation of nitrocellulose is mostly because of its ability to bind proteins irreversibly; additionally, it enables a great signal-to-noise ratio.7 Nevertheless, the drawbacks of nitrocellulose involve its high flammability, ERK2 Activator Formulation susceptibility to humidity, short shelf life, and low strength.7,9 On account of their hydrophobicity, commercial nitrocellulose flow membranes often need surfactants, which may trigger reagent incompatibility and limit protein binding.7 Furthermore, the usage of nitrocellulose or paper in lateral flow assays may involve a setup that needs adhesives; based on the type, they might block the pores from the substrate and prevent application in printable electronics. Alternatively, cellulose filters and chromatography paper are also employed, following cutting, physical, or chemical patterning; these processes define the channels, type the flow boundaries,2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Societyor block the pores.1,3 Methods such as photolithography, plasma treatme